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Solar Panels, The first thing you need to do is find your electric usage before anything else
so you can size an array and an inverter. Is your system going to be
solar grid tied, or will it
be
an off grid system or a grid tie with battery backup? There are inverters for each type,.

Solar panels come in all sizes, shapes, makes and models, with varying voltage. One thing
all solar panels have in common is they all work better in bright sun and the colder the
better. Having all your solar panels the same brand name with like voltage and amp ratings
is the way to go. However it don’t always work out that way.

Watt: Standard unit rating of module power output (W). Watts = amps X volts.
Volt: Standard unit of electrical potential (V) or measure of the strength of an electrical
source.
Amp: A measure of current (A) or quantity of electricity.
Vmp: Maximum power available voltage.
Voc: Open circuit voltage. An open circuit occurs when contacts, switches or similar devices
are open and prevent the flow of current. Used to determine if the solar modules are within
the maximum voltage of an inverter.
Imp: Maximum available current. Determines maximum current an array can deliver at
optimum conditions.
Isc: Short circuit current. A short circuit occurs when there is an improper connection that
interrupts an electrical circuit. Used to determine appropriate fuse sizes.

If you live in the USA you need to find one other term on the solar panels it is the UL listing
symbol. This is very importune if you plan to hook your solar power system to your home.

You will find a lot of discounted solar panels on the market. Check to make sure it is UL
listed. If not no matter how good of a deal you get on them your inspector will never approve
your
solar power system. Only thing you could hope to do is have a farm so you can use
them to pump water to the fields or to the live stock. Then I am still not sure you would be
legal. Maybe you could sell them on E-bay. Or maybe that is where you got them to start
with and the same guy is still pushing them at a lower price then you could afford to get
under. So ask for the UL listing or make sure you see it on the site before you hand over
your cash.

I have said many times in the past that it don’t matter how the protons bump in to each other
in the solar panels to create DC electric. It don’t even matter what the wafers/cells are made
out of. There are just as many ways to mix the water in a mop bucket as there ways to build
a wafer and hook them together to make a panel. If you are digging this deep you are
looking for information that is just not required. All solar panels cost about the same no
matter what they are made out of or how the mop water was mixed. The middle man will
make sure of that if the factory don’t beat him to it. As far as the size of the solar panel or
wafer goes it is all about the same. There is not enough difference in the size of one panel
to other compared to output to worry with. And most all have about the same hail impact
rating and over 100 MPH wind rating. Remember that 200 watts is still 200 watts no matter
how much money you paid for it.

Where you find the difference is in the voltage and amps the solar panel puts out.

One helpful thing to keep in mind. You might want to know what is the coldest it will get in
your area and what is the hottest avg. temp, in your area. If you need 195 volts just to start
your
grid tie inverter and if it is normally 110 degrees in your area in the summer. You will
need extra solar panels because of heat loss. The solar panels and wiring will easily make it
to 160 degrees in the summer heat and panels are normally rated for 77 degrees in testing.
Solar panels put out less volts when hot and more when cold. If the inverter max is 400 volts
you will over load it in the winter by putting 400 volts in solar panels on it. The sun shinning
bright on the snow on a cold day will improve power out put. And

Sizing tools for Solar Array Sizing.
SMA Inverters
Fronius Inverters
Xantrex GT Inverters
Xantrex XW Charge Controller
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Solar Panel Tips and General Information

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A couple of things you should watch out for, Are the free panel con job / scams. I have
checked out a few of these. The really cheap solar panels, You will find out they are
normally not UL listed which means you can not hook them to a power system in the United
States of America. But the prices are great just can't be used on your home.

Quick note: A solar panel is more then one solar module hooked together which could also
be called a solar array as long as it is a single unit in either case. A solar module is a group
of solar cells hooked together. So a solar module is a solar panel if you wanted to say it is a
solar cell panel. So it is still up to you what you want to call it.
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